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Glossary

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Injection Or Fill Time
Time required to fill the cavity or mold.

Injection Compression Molding
A method of molding where the plastic is injected into a partially open cavity with injection pressure typically 50-75% lower than standard injection molding depending on wall thickness and mold open distance. The 2nd stage clamp action closes the telescoping core and subsequently compresses and distributes the melt into the far extremities of the cavity, including ribs and bosses.

Injection Molding
The method of forming objects from granular or powdered plastics, most often of the thermoplastic type, in which the materials is fed from a hopper to a heated chamber in which it is softened, after which a ram or screw forces the material into a mold. Pressure is maintained until the mass has hardened sufficiently for removal from the mold.

Injection Pressure
The applied hydraulic pressure used to push the resin into the mold cavity.

Injection Speed
The elapsed time required to fill the mold cavity.

Insert, Mold
A removable part of the mold imparting increased resistance to wear or heat transferability to that area of the mold.

Insert Part
An article of metal or other material which is incorporated into a plastic molded part either by pressing the insert into the finished molded part or by placing the insert in the cavity so that it becomes an integral part of the molding.

Insert Pull-Out Strength
Force required to pull an insert straight out of a material at least 0.020" thick. Insert performance criterion maintained for the most part in molded parts.

Knockout Pin
A pin that ejects a molded article from the mold. Land Area The area of surfaces of a mold which contact each other when the mold is closed.

Land (Gate Area)
Gate dimension parallel to the direction of melt flow.

L/D Ratio Extrusion
Barrel length divided by the diameter of the barrel

Machining
Any of a number of processes, such as drilling, turning, sanding, etc., which may be performed on a piece of plastic.

Mar Resistance
The resistance of glossy plastic surfaces to abrasive action.

Masterbatch
A masterbatch is a concentrate of colorants or additives properly dispersed into a carrier polymer, which is then blended into the natural polymer to be coloured or modified.

Material Database
The file of the information on each material acceptably tested for use in MOLDFLOW analyses.

Melt
The molten material which will fill the mold cavity to form the part.

Melt Accumulator
Also referred to as a plunger. A large capacity holding area for molten resin. The area of a structural foam molding machine that determines the shot size.

Melt Index
The amount of a thermoplastic resin, measured in grams, which can be forced through a specified orifice within ten minutes when subjected to a specified force. (ASTM D-1238)

Melt Strength
The strength of the plastic while in the molten state. This is a pertinent factor in extrusion, blow molding and drawing of molten resin from a die.

Melt Temperature
The melt temperature or Tm is the temperature, measured under specified conditions, at which crystallinity disappears in a semi-crystalline polymer. Semi-crystalline materials have a clearly defined melt temperature. Amorphous materials soften over a wide temperature range above their glass transition temperature. They do not have a specific Tm, but a melting range. Melt temperature should be measured from a purge shot having the same residence time as in the production process.

Melting Behavior
Phenomena accompanying the softening of a material under the influence of heat: can be shrinking, dripping and burning of molten material. Melt drip: falling droplets of molten material, either burning or not.

Mold Release
In injection molding, a lubricant used to coat the surface of the mold to enhance ejection of the molded article or prevent it from sticking to the tool. Many resins are available with an internal mold release.

Mold Shrinkage
The difference in dimensions between the mold and the molded part.

Mold Temperature
The temperature at which the mold is maintained. Often the most important benefit of raising mold temperature is that it allows a slower injection rate without the plastic getting too cold.

Mold Venting
The purpose of mold venting is to exhaust air from mold cavities to enable the inflation of the part. Drilled holes, vent bushings and continuous venting along mold seams are typical methods. If venting is needed on appearance surfaces, the vents are sometimes textured to match the part finish.

Molding Conditions
The temperature of the mold and melt and the time required to fill the mold.

Molding Cycle
The period of time occupied by the complete sequence of operations on a molding press requisite for the production of one set of molded articles.

Molding Pressure
The pressure applied to the ram of an injection machine or press to force the softened plastic completely to fill the mold cavities.

Molding Sensitivity
The variability of the pressure to fill the cavity and temperature of the melt at the part as influenced by changes in injection time and barrel melt temperature.

Monomers
A monomer is the molecular unit from which polymers are prepared. A polymer is a molecular chain formed by combining many smaller molecules. Polymers are the product of a reaction called polymerization, the process of connecting many (poly) single units (mers or mono-mers) to form long chain molecules of higher molecular weight. Polymerization reactions may be controlled to produce molecules of a specific length or molecular weight. All plastic resins or materials are polymeric in nature.

Multiple Cavity Flow
Produces more that one identical part with each cycle.

Nozzle
Hollow metal hose screwed into the extrusion end of the heating cylinder of an injection machine designed to form a seal under pressure between the cylinder and the mold

Orifice
Opening

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